Vacina meningite B: indicações, doses e reações
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Women's Health

Meningitis B vaccine: indications, doses, and side effects

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The meningococcal B vaccine protects against severe infections caused by the Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B bacterium. Available privately in Brazil under brands like Bexsero and Trumenba, its use and dosing vary by age and vaccine type. This article details its purpose, indications, and key information.

Understanding the Meningitis B Vaccine

The meningococcal B vaccine prevents severe infections caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. This pathogen, known as meningococcus type B, can lead to life-threatening meningitis and septicemia.

The vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce protective antibodies. This creates immunological memory against future infections, specifically targeting serogroup B.

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Available Vaccine Brands and Composition

Bexsero Vaccine

Bexsero contains three subcapsular proteins and outer membrane vesicles from meningococcus B. Its excipients include:

  • Aluminum hydroxide
  • Sodium chloride
  • Histidine
  • Sucrose
  • Water for injection

Trumenba Vaccine

Trumenba contains two subcapsular proteins from subfamilies A and B. Its components include:

  • Sodium chloride
  • Histidine
  • Water for injectables
  • Aluminum phosphate
  • Polysorbate 80

Age Indications and Recommendations

Vaccine indications vary significantly between brands:

Bexsero Age Range

Indicated for individuals from 2 months to 50 years old, making it suitable for broad age groups.

Trumenba Age Range

Recommended specifically for adolescents and young adults between 10 and 25 years.

The source did not provide details on the rationale behind these differing age ranges.

Dosing Schedules and Administration

Dosing varies according to vaccine type and age group:

Adolescent Vaccination Schedule

For adolescents not previously vaccinated, the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics recommends:

  • Two doses administered
  • One-month interval between doses

Adult Vaccination Schedule

For adults up to 50 years in justified situations:

  • Two doses may be recommended
  • One-month interval between doses

The source did not provide details on what constitutes “justified situations” for adult vaccination.

Vaccine Availability in Brazil

Private Network Access

The meningococcal B vaccine is not part of Brazil’s National Immunization Program. It is exclusively available through private vaccination clinics and is not offered free of charge.

SUS Vaccination Coverage

The Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) provides free vaccines against other meningitis types:

  • Meningococcal C and ACWY
  • Pneumococcal conjugate 10-valent and 13-valent
  • Conjugate against Haemophilus influenzae b

This public health strategy excludes serogroup B from routine free vaccination.

Making Vaccination Decisions

Individuals considering the meningococcal B vaccine should:

  1. Consult with a pediatrician or physician
  2. Determine appropriate vaccine based on age
  3. Follow recommended dosing schedules
  4. Consider private healthcare access requirements

The source did not provide details on common reactions or side effects associated with these vaccines.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the meningococcal B vaccine protect against?

The vaccine prevents meningitis and generalized infections caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. It stimulates antibody production against this specific bacterium.

Is the meningococcal B vaccine free in Brazil?

No. The vaccine is not part of Brazil’s National Immunization Program and is only available through private vaccination clinics.

What are the age indications for different vaccine brands?

Bexsero is indicated for ages 2 months to 50 years. Trumenba is recommended for adolescents and young adults between 10 and 25 years.

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