23 Outbreaks Recorded in 2025
Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Vessel Sanitation Program show 23 gastrointestinal (GI) illness outbreaks were recorded on cruise ships in 2025. Norovirus was the most common cause. A cruise ship outbreak is defined when 3% or more of a cruise ship’s passengers or crew report symptoms of GI illness to the ship’s medical staff during the voyage.
So far in 2026, three outbreaks have been recorded, including the Insignia E. coli outbreak in April, the Star Princess norovirus outbreak in March, and the E. coli outbreak on the Seven Seas Mariner in January. This excludes the hantavirus outbreak reported by the World Health Organization on the British cruise ship MV Hondius, operated by Oceanwide Expeditions, which did not involve a U.S. port. Three passengers on the MV Hondius cruise ship in the Atlantic Ocean have died.
Norovirus: The Leading Cause
The most common viral outbreak on cruise ships is norovirus, which has been reported 214 times in the dataset from 2006 to 2026. Norovirus spreads through contaminated food, water, or surfaces. According to the Mayo Clinic, for most people, the norovirus infection usually clears up within a few days and is not life-threatening. Data before 2024 shows it affects, on average, 7% of passengers on cruise ships.
Health officials emphasize that norovirus is highly contagious but typically resolves without medical intervention. However, passengers experiencing severe symptoms should consult a healthcare professional. The CDC continues to monitor outbreaks through its Vessel Sanitation Program to ensure cruise lines maintain proper hygiene protocols.
Looking Ahead
The 2025 outbreak count highlights the ongoing challenge of gastrointestinal illnesses in the confined environment of cruise ships. With three outbreaks already in early 2026, including two E. coli incidents, the industry faces continued scrutiny. Passengers are advised to practice frequent handwashing and report any symptoms promptly to ship medical staff.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many gastrointestinal illness outbreaks have occurred on cruise ships in 2025?
According to CDC data, 23 GI illness outbreaks were recorded on cruise ships in 2025, with norovirus being the most common.
What is the definition of a cruise ship outbreak according to the CDC?
A cruise ship outbreak is defined as when 3% or more of a cruise ship’s passengers or crew report symptoms of gastrointestinal illness to the ship’s medical staff during the voyage.
How many norovirus outbreaks have been reported on cruise ships from 2006 to 2026?
Norovirus has been reported 214 times in the CDC dataset from 2006 to 2026, making it the most common viral outbreak on cruise ships.
